Volvo is looking at making turbo V6 engines standard-issue on high-line vehicles, replacing V8s and likely serving as the "base" engine alternative to the hybrid/diesel powertrain. Such a strategy would go hand-in-hand with Ford's EcoBoost turbo DI engine plan. Also, expect stop/start technology to begin showing up on smaller Volvo vehicles as early as next year, with eventual propagation across the line. [Automotive News; Sub. Req.]

Jalopnik Snap Judgment: With diesel operating costs living in a world of pain these days and the price of entry for a diesel mill much higher to begin with, ethanol DI engines present an interesting alternative. Even though diesel is a perennial favorite with people who need to drag stuff around, it's quickly becoming a problem of economics. With the $700 premium for EcoBoost, and the projected cost for this system adding another $400, an $1100 gasoline option which is cheaper to buy, cheaper to run, and cleaner to operate may be a big draw — even if filling up the ethanol tank every couple months might get annoying. Test engines are set to run this year, but no word on a green light for production yet. [Pickuptrucks.com]

We met up with Patrick Hespen from SVT communications, who guided us through the rows of workbenches stacked high with engine parts from every imaginable engine product. Deep in the back was a set of parts which, when fully assembled, would form a production-intent twin-turbocharged, 340 HP, 340 lb-ft Ford EcoBoost engine. You know, the one they're touting as a V6 which delivers the power of a V8.

The beauty of the EcoBoost system is that it takes relatively few changes to go from a standard 3.5-liter V6 to a fire-breathing, twin-turbo monster developing peak torque at 1500 RPM. What it all boils down to is the combination of direct injection and two turbos. Those two main updates drive the smaller, but smartly executed, changes around them.

So, let's follow the fuel through the engine: The first difference the gas sees is the addition of a mechanically actuated, high-pressure fuel pump. The pump rides on top of the drivers' side cylinder bank and gets its motive power from a four-sided cam lobe, brilliantly added to the intake cam. The fuel then passes into a high-pressure (like 3000 PSI high) stainless-steel common fuel rail to which is mounted three injectors, one assembly per side. The injectors are mounted to the underside of the cylinder head and poke into the distal edge of the compression chamber.

Since the system direct-injects fuel into the chamber, games can be played with the actual flow of the spray. For instance, on start up, when the engine is cold and the catalysts aren't functioning, the engine injects a half-shot of fuel into chamber on the downward stroke of the intake cycle, then, as the piston comes back for ignition, a second half-shot is fired at the piston head. Notice the shape of top of the piston (sans the CNC'd EcoBoost logo): The little trough is designed specifically to ramp that secondary spray at the spark plug — the result is a locally rich mixture good for ignition, but a globally lean mixture, great for making heat fast.

As the spent fuel leaves the combustion chamber, it meets another innovative feature: a stainless steel, stamped and welded two-walled exhaust manifold. The manifold is much lighter than its cast counterparts, but more importantly, its insulative properties keep the exhaust hotter, transferring more energy directly to the turbo. Speaking of the turbo, surprisingly, when we get to the turbo we find nothing notably exciting. The impeller side of turbo itself is made of a high-nickel-content alloy good for an operating temperature up to 1750 degrees Fahrenheit. The compressor side, while rated up to 220,000 rpm maximum speed, isn't really all that different than the one found on every other turbo on the market.

Since the gas is spent, we're going to hop onto the intake air side now. That air gets compressed by the two turbos we just met, and then joins in a common tube. That tube has an electronic boost controller which dumps excess pressure electronically, instead of the "Fast and Furious" approved vacuum-driven blow-off valve. The air then makes it's way into an air-to-air intercooler, and the cooled air heads off to an all-new intake manifold, optimized for compact packaging and easy assembly. An interesting feature is the integration of the coolant pipe which runs under the whole length of the intake; it attaches at the rear to the coolant line in the valley and locates the thermostat and outlet for the heater core out of the way. Anyway, that air gets directed straight into the cylinders by valves enhanced with Inconel alloy for greater strength.

Because we're engine geeks, there are myriad little details and upgrades we could go on about, like the addition of piston head oil sprayers, used to keep the piston head cool by hitting the bottom side with oil, and how they're brilliantly integrated into the crankshaft bearing oil pocket. Or the million miles of durability testing the engine has already undergone. Or the crazy ability to retard the timing up to 20 degrees...but we won't. We're happy to sit back and let the pictures do the rest of the talking, eagerly awaiting the day we get to put that bonkers power curve to the test.

Press Release #1: Ford's 2nd Quarter Earnings

What Ford Says: Ford reported a net loss of $8.7 billion.
Jalopnik Snap Judgment: $8.7 billion sure sounds like a lot of money. Well, that's because it is a lot of money — $3.88 per share, to be precise. It's actually the company's worst quarterly results ever. Especially given the company made a net profit of $750 million, or 31 cents per share, during the second quarter of last year.

But the real important numbers are how much cash they have on hand and how much revenues were. Second quarter revenue was only $38.6 billion, down $5.6 billion from the same quarter a year ago. And cash on hand? $26.6 billion now versus $28.7 billion at the end of March, 2008.

What Ford Says: It's not all bad news. Ford posted profits of $582 million in Ford Europe and $388 million in Ford South America.
Jalopnik Snap Judgment: Yes, this is true. Very good, Ford. But it's hard to get excited abut $960 million in profits when you've just dropped over $8 billion throughout the rest of the organization.

What Ford Says: Ford's claiming $1 billion in cost savings, including over $600 million in Ford North America and claims to be on track with reducing annual costs by $5 billion by the end of 2008 compared with expense outlays in 2005.
Jalopnik Snap Judgment: Yes, both very good things. It remains to be seen how much of those annual cost reductions are due to decreases in production and actual cost reductions. However, we do know quite a few personnel reductions have taken place over in Dearborn over the past few months, with more targeted buyouts offered to reduce salary-related costs by 15% in North American operations.

What Ford Says: $8 billion of the $8.7 billion loss are from "pre-tax special charges."
Jalopnik Snap Judgment: So this is where things get a little confusing. Some $516 million of the losses are the type of losses normally seen as items that can be written off as losses on a pre-tax non-ongoing basis — these would be items like the costs associated with cutting personnel, plant sales or reducing the number of dealers. But then there's the line item of "North America Long-Lived Assets" for $5.3 billion dollars. We'd never seen a line item like that on a list of pre-tax items, but we finally figured it out. We're interpreting it as Ford writing off the losses they'll take on the factory equipment they'll need to junk now that they'll be using those factories to build small cars. We'd even expect they'll need to take another cash hit in the next quarter to pay for that new machinery.

And that brings us to...

Press Release #2: Ford's Small Car Euro Offensive, Manufacturing Restructuring

What Ford Says: Ford is bringing six small vehicles to North America from the company's acclaimed European lineup.
Jalopnik Snap Judgment: Ford's finally answering U.S. auto enthusiasts prayers, and bringing their highly-regarded European lineup to the United States. We know we're getting from Europe the following vehicles:

1.) European Ford Fiesta - Four-Door
2.) European Ford Fiesta - Five-Door
3.) European Ford Focus - Four-Door
4.) European Ford Focus - Five-Door
5.) New 2010 Mercury Small Car
6.) New 2010 European Small "whitespace" vehicle

By the way, "whitespace" means a place where a vehicle does not currently fulfill a need. Like a three-wheeled MPV. Or, you know, a two-door six-seater.

We do also want to note that it doesn't appear that there will be a two-door Focus coming stateside. We guess that means we won't be getting the RS here. Sad. Still, we'd prefer the stylings of the four-door and five-door Euro Focus over — well — over just about any design Ford North America's put out in small cars in years.

What Ford Says: "Ford will convert three existing North American truck and SUV plants for small car production, with the first conversion beginning this December...The moves are in addition to Ford's announcements in May and June that it is reducing its North American production plans for large trucks and SUVs for the remainder of 2008, as well as increasing production of smaller cars and crossovers."
Jalopnik Snap Judgment: To accomplish this and build some of these new Euro vehicles here in North America, Ford will be making the following manufacturing plant changes. We want to emphasize Ford claims these will be flexible manufacturing changes — to ensure they're able to shift production when and if necessary:

* Michigan Truck Plant in Wayne, Mich.,
Currently Builds: Ford Expedition, Lincoln Navigator (to move to Kentucky Truck Plant early next year)
Will Build: Small cars derived from Ford's global C-car platform
Conversion Begins: December, 2008
Production Begins: 2010

* Cuautitlan Assembly Plant in Mexico
Currently Builds: F-Series pickups
Will Build: Ford Fiesta
Conversion Begins: ???
Production Begins: Early 2010

* Louisville (Ky.) Assembly Plant
Currently Builds: Ford Explorer mid-size SUV
Will Build: small vehicles from Ford's global C-car platform
Conversion Begins: ???
Production Begins: 2011

* Twin Cities (Minn.) Assembly Plant - was scheduled to close in 2009, but remain open to continue production of the Ford Ranger through 2011 to meet consumer demand.

* Kansas City Assembly Plant this year will add a third crew to its small utility line for the Ford Escape, Escape Hybrid and Mercury Mariner and Mariner Hybrid. (*Previously announced)

What Ford Says: "The company also confirmed Ford, Lincoln and Mercury will remain in its North American brand portfolio."
Jalopnik Snap Judgment: Looks like the Mercury brand will still be around — rumors of its demise appear to be greatly exaggerated. If the NYT is right, they'll be getting the brunt of the new Euro-designed small cars coming stateside.

What Ford Says: The Ford, Lincoln, Mercury line will be almost completely upgraded by the end of 2010.
Jalopnik Snap Judgment: Here's what they're talking about:

* 2009 Ford F-150, on sale in late fall

* 2010 Ford Fusion, Mercury Milan, Lincoln MKZ sedans, on sale in early 2009, Ford says Fusion's and Milan's four-cylinder fuel economy expected to top Honda Accord and Toyota Camry

* 2010 Ford Fusion Hybrid and Mercury Milan Hybrid, beginning production late this year and on sale in early 2009 - Ford claims fuel economy expected to top the Toyota Camry hybrid

* New Ford Mustang - coupe, convertible, glass-roof and every other variant model you can think of - in early 2009

* New Ford Taurus sedan - with EcoBoost engine - in mid-2009

* New Lincoln seven-passenger crossover - with EcoBoost engine - in mid-2009

* Next-generation Ford Explorer - with unibody construction, EcoBoost, six-speed, weight savings and improved aerodynamics for up to 25 percent better fuel economy, did we mention EcoBoost? - in 2010

We're told G419's source is pretty good, and since we'd heard something about Ford's strategy when it comes to these new engines from a reliable source. Mostly because we think we know who their source is — and since if he's who we think he is, he knows something about the high-performance side of Ford. One thing we're hoping is that this won't nix our desires to see the EcoBoost V6 under the hood. Because if there's one thing we like more than more power, it's not having to pay an arm and a leg at the gas pump for it. [via Garage419]

FORD TO REVEAL NEW FUEL-SAVING CONCEPT IN DETROIT

The Ford Explorer America concept showcases a new kind of utility for the vehicle customers have known and loved for years: even better fuel efficiency.

"Customers are smart. They value vehicles - the more efficient, the better," said Jim Farley, Ford group vice president of Marketing and Communications. "Ford gets it.

"Innovative technologies can transform people's favorite vehicles. Look at SYNC, the Ford system that connects people and their favorite portable devices, including media players and Bluetooth-enabled mobile phones, while in their vehicles."

Technologies and engineering innovations help Explorer America concept deliver an approximately 20 to 30 percent fuel-economy improvement, depending on engine selection, while providing room for six and their gear as well as moderate towing and off-roading capabilities.

This smarter utility concept simplifies Ford Motor Company's systems approach for delivering sustainable vehicles, specifically demonstrating:

* A powertrain lineup that includes a 4-cylinder 2-liter engine with EcoBoost technology delivering 275 hp and 280 lb.-ft. of torque or, as a premium engine, a 3.5-liter V-6 delivering about 340 hp. Depending on engine selection, fuel-efficiency will improve by 20 to 30 percent versus today's V-6 Explorer.

* Migration from current body-on-frame to unibody construction, reducing weight and delivering superior driving dynamics.

* A fuel-efficient 6-speed transmission with auto shift control, allowing the driver to select and hold a lower gear with just the turn of a dial when conditions warrant it.

* A weight reduction of 150 pounds for the V-6 version thanks to its downsized - yet superior performing - engine, as well as more lightweight materials, suspension and chassis components.

* Fuel-saving electric power assisted steering (EPAS) and other engine actions that deliver a fuel savings benefit of about 5 percent. Between 80 to 90 percent of Ford, Lincoln and Mercury vehicles will have EPAS by 2012.

* In addition to its fuel-efficient powertrain and technologies, the Explorer America concept addresses how the SUV market has changed in the past 15 years.

In the 1990s, customers were drawn by SUVs aligned with people's adventurous, more rugged lifestyles. Today's consumers are more discerning, demanding products that are capable and flexible - but more intelligently executed.

The Explorer America concept looks the part, too, with a modern, muscular design language that belies its ability to harness today's active lifestyles. Its integrated three-bar grille, defined power dome hood, wrap-around rear glass panel window and sliding rear door give the appearance that this concept is ready for modern Lewis-and-Clark types to explore, from their own neighborhoods to the trail head.

Inside, intelligent features abound, including: single-touch stackable, sliding seats that allow for convenient access to the second row; a work table with seats deploy from the tailgate; and a three-dimensional compass and navigation unit with a topographical map built right into the instrument panel.

FORD TO REVEAL NEW FUEL-SAVING CONCEPT IN DETROIT

The Ford Explorer America concept showcases a new kind of utility for the vehicle customers have known and loved for years: even better fuel efficiency.

"Customers are smart. They value vehicles - the more efficient, the better," said Jim Farley, Ford group vice president of Marketing and Communications. "Ford gets it.

"Innovative technologies can transform people's favorite vehicles. Look at SYNC, the Ford system that connects people and their favorite portable devices, including media players and Bluetooth-enabled mobile phones, while in their vehicles."

Technologies and engineering innovations help Explorer America concept deliver an approximately 20 to 30 percent fuel-economy improvement, depending on engine selection, while providing room for six and their gear as well as moderate towing and off-roading capabilities.

This smarter utility concept simplifies Ford Motor Company's systems approach for delivering sustainable vehicles, specifically demonstrating:

* A powertrain lineup that includes a 4-cylinder 2-liter engine with EcoBoost technology delivering 275 hp and 280 lb.-ft. of torque or, as a premium engine, a 3.5-liter V-6 delivering about 340 hp. Depending on engine selection, fuel-efficiency will improve by 20 to 30 percent versus today's V-6 Explorer.

* Migration from current body-on-frame to unibody construction, reducing weight and delivering superior driving dynamics.

* A fuel-efficient 6-speed transmission with auto shift control, allowing the driver to select and hold a lower gear with just the turn of a dial when conditions warrant it.

* A weight reduction of 150 pounds for the V-6 version thanks to its downsized - yet superior performing - engine, as well as more lightweight materials, suspension and chassis components.

* Fuel-saving electric power assisted steering (EPAS) and other engine actions that deliver a fuel savings benefit of about 5 percent. Between 80 to 90 percent of Ford, Lincoln and Mercury vehicles will have EPAS by 2012.

* In addition to its fuel-efficient powertrain and technologies, the Explorer America concept addresses how the SUV market has changed in the past 15 years.

In the 1990s, customers were drawn by SUVs aligned with people's adventurous, more rugged lifestyles. Today's consumers are more discerning, demanding products that are capable and flexible - but more intelligently executed.

The Explorer America concept looks the part, too, with a modern, muscular design language that belies its ability to harness today's active lifestyles. Its integrated three-bar grille, defined power dome hood, wrap-around rear glass panel window and sliding rear door give the appearance that this concept is ready for modern Lewis-and-Clark types to explore, from their own neighborhoods to the trail head.

Inside, intelligent features abound, including: single-touch stackable, sliding seats that allow for convenient access to the second row; a work table with seats deploy from the tailgate; and a three-dimensional compass and navigation unit with a topographical map built right into the instrument panel. [Source: Ford]

This is the same engine that will be launched with the Lincoln MKS and should be good for 340 horsepower and 340 lb. ft of torque. If you don't want to sit through the lecture about EcoBoost fast forward to about 6:40 into the video.[YouTube via AutoBlog]

FORD TO EQUIP HALF A MILLION VEHICLES WITH ECOBOOST ENGINE TECHNOLOGY FOR UP TO 20% BETTER FUEL ECONOMY

DETROIT, Jan. 6, 2008 - Ford Motor Company is introducing a new engine technology called EcoBoost that will deliver up to 20 percent better fuel economy on half a million Ford, Lincoln and Mercury vehicles annually in North America during the next five years.

The EcoBoost family of 4-cylinder and 6-cylinder engines features turbocharging and direct injection technology. Compared with more expensive hybrids and diesel engines, EcoBoost builds upon today's affordable gasoline engine and improves it, providing more customers with a way to improve fuel economy and emissions without compromising driving performance.

"EcoBoost is meaningful because it can be applied across a wide variety of engine types in a range of vehicles, from small cars to large trucks - and it's affordable," said Derrick Kuzak, Ford's group vice president of Global Product Development.

"Compared with the current cost of diesel and hybrid technologies, customers in North America can expect to recoup their initial investment in a 4-cylinder EcoBoost engine through fuel savings in approximately 30 months. A diesel in North America will take an average of seven and one-half years, while the cost of a hybrid will take nearly 12 years to recoup - given equivalent miles driven per year and fuel costs," he said.

Ford will introduce EcoBoost on the new Lincoln MKS flagship in 2009, followed by the Ford Flex and other vehicles. By 2013, Ford will have more than half a million EcoBoost-powered vehicles on the road annually in North America.

In 2009, Ford first will introduce EcoBoost on the Lincoln MKS featuring a 3.5-liter twin-turbocharged V-6. It will produce the power and torque of a V-8 engine with the fuel efficiency of a V-6. In fact, with an estimated 340-horsepower and more than 340 lb.-ft. of torque, the Lincoln MKS will be the most powerful and fuel-efficient all-wheel-drive luxury sedan in the market.

More With Less
EcoBoost's combination of direct injection and turbocharging mitigates the traditional disadvantages of downsizing and boosting 4- and 6-cylinder engines, giving customers both superior performance as well as fuel economy.

With direct injection, fuel is injected into each cylinder of an engine in small, precise amounts. Compared to conventional port injection, direct injection produces a cooler, denser charge, delivering higher fuel economy and performance.

When combined with modern-day turbocharging - which uses waste energy from the exhaust gas to drive the turbine - direct injection provides the best of both worlds: the responsiveness of a larger-displacement engine with fewer trips to the gas pump.

Ford's 3.5-liter EcoBoost V-6, for example, can deliver upwards of 340-plus lb.-ft. of torque across a wide engine range - 2,000 to 5,000 rpm versus 270 to 310 lb.-ft of torque for a conventional naturally aspirated 4.6-liter V-8 over the same speed range. At the same time, this V-6 gives customers an approximate 2 mpg improvement and emits up to 15 percent fewer CO2 emissions to the environment.

Direct injection coupled with turbocharging allows for the downsizing of engines that deliver improved torque and performance. A small 4-cylinder EcoBoost engine has the capability of producing more torque than a larger 4-cylinder engine - nearly an entire liter larger in displacement - with better fuel efficiency.

The real-world fuel economy benefit is consistent no matter the drive cycle, meaning the engine is efficient in the city as well as on the highway - unlike hybrids, which are most efficient in stop-and-go traffic. In addition, customers who tow and haul - and have long turned to more expensive diesel powertrains for their superior towing capabilities - can find the engine performance they need from an EcoBoost powertrain.

EcoBoost - combined with multi-speed transmissions, advanced electric power steering, weight reductions and aerodynamic improvements - is part of Ford Motor Company's strategy to deliver sustainable, quality vehicles that customers want and value. Additional hybrid offerings and diesel engines are planned for light-duty vehicles.

Longer term, Ford plans to remain aggressive in the development of plug-in hybrids and hydrogen fuel cell-powered vehicles.

"We know that what will make the biggest difference is applying the right technology on volume vehicles that customers really want and value and can afford," said Kuzak. "EcoBoost puts an affordable technology within reach for millions of customers, and Ford's systems approach adds up to a big idea that differentiates Ford's sustainability strategy in the market."
[Source: Ford]