Long after Volkswagen gave up on the boxer-four engine configuration, Subaru keeps getting more and more power out of the design with their EJ engine series. Starting in 1989 and continuing through the present day, the 4-valve-per-cylinder EJ has been made in SOHC and DOHC form, with displacements ranging from 1.5 liters to 2.5 liters. Power outputs from the EJ run the gamut from double-digit figures to "How much money you got?" with the WRX versions reaching the magical 300-horse figure right from the factory. [Wikipedia]
Engine of the Day: Subaru EJ
2:00 PM on Wed Apr 23 2008
By Murilee Martin
2,723 views
36 comments














Comments
Well, aside from the whole EJ25 head gasket design fiasco it's a great mill.
Can't wait to get and STi and play with one..
Boy, do I love my subaru.
[www.automedia.com]
woohooo!
EJ255 2.5, DOHC, 13.5psi max turboner, 8.2 : 1!
always brings a smile to my face.
You could sort of say that EJ-series displacement has actually been up to 3.3L. The EG33 engine is often referred to as the EJ33, since it was mechanically just an EJ22 with two extra cylinders tacked on.
This was the smooth six cylinder that was in the SVX. (Not to be confused with newer sixes from Outback H-6, etc.)
Thanks for highlighting this wonderful little engine!
I like the quote in the writeup "Power outputs from the EJ run the gamut from double-digit figures to 'How much money you got?'". People sometimes forget that how fast you can go in ANY car is generally just limited by how much money you want to spend (that, and aerodynamics).
Another question, why do the JDM folks get so worked up about getting a Japanese EJ20 when some of the U.S. cars come with an EJ25? I would think for building up a powerful car, you'd want the extra 0.5L of displacement.
@anaxomander: Didn't realize there was a fiasco. Though I do know of at least one Outback Sport which filled its crankcase with metal shavings at 16K miles.
Still, I'm all about the boxer.
Unequal length headers FTW.
I love my EJ20 too. Currently makes a little over 310ish and as I'm babying the throttle during my new clutch's break-in period, I've been getting 8.5-9 L/100 city mileage.
@elwood: the JDM STi engines are set up for twin-scroll turbos, and have a higher rev-range. The 2.5s have more torque, so it really depends whether you're building a track or street terror.
@elwood
The Japanese EJ20's in the STi's have forged pistons and they aren't on North American STi's from what I understand.
When I heard that Subaru was making the new Supra, I was aghast.
And then I thought better of it. Honestly, what better car than Subaru to make a JDM muscle car with a mad, turbocharged engine?
Considering that they can get 300hp out of the EJ, and there have been numerous six-cylinder variants of it through the years - well, I expect the new Supra to be interesting indeed.
@13oostedwgn: forgive my naivety but what does "310ish" mean?
This is a fabulous engine. Yes, I am aware of several issues with the design including some issues with connecting rods and wrist pins back in the the day (when the Legacy was introduced) with my father's 1990 Legacy needing the motor replaced in 800 miles.
Don't forget the oil pump issues on the very first Legacies which were prone to failure in cold weather.
@13oostedwgn: @caw2007: So once again, the Japanese get the cool factory stuff. Though I think a lot of times, Japanese tuners will buy the JDM parts just for the cred, and they end up using an aftermarket turbo and pistons/rods anyways.
I've rocked some EJ series motors in my lifetime, and all of them have served me quite well. I've had a carburetored 1.8, EFI 2.2, EFI 2.5 and now a forced induction 2.0.
I think the 2.2 was a nice blend of torque, fuel economy and overall smoothness.
Not only did Subaru stick it out with the boxer while VW gave up on it, the EJ has become one of the primary replacement engines for old dead wasserboxers, the last (US market) VW boxer engines.
[www.vanaru.com]
Warning, the EJ25 marks its territory - a lot. And don't think you can alleviate the problem by adding Motor Honey - that's a trip to the head gasket man.
@Elhigh: not for me thus far... (12K miles in)
@MikeHerbst: There were a handful of 4-cylinder EJ30s made, too. When I used to read NASIOC, someone on there had come into possession of one.
As far as the head gasket on the EJ25s goes, that was an issue with the early ones in the late 90s, and the SOHC EJs are generally more reliable than the DOHC's.
Those really are nice engines. Easy to work on, too.
@franzouse: about 310hp. Crank, not wheels of course. With drivetrain loss, that's about 225-230ish on a Dynodynamics.
@elwood: you're probably right, although some of the JDM parts are better. A JDM TMIC is about 30% larger than the USDM one. I've no idea why.
@Elhigh: Haven't had any problems with mine at nearly 30k miles. It doesn't see much time above 4500rpm, but doesn't see much below 3500 either.
Word on the street is that the 2006+ 2.5L WRXs are heavily underrated so as not to cannibalize STi sales and jack up insurance rates. Having driven botht he 2.0 and 2.5, I can say the difference in the low-to-mid range is pretty serious.
@13oostedwgn: Thanks. I always forget to make the distinction, and 310 at the wheels seemed a little high (as in not factory).
@13oostedwgn: I'm not fronting on the idea that some of the JDM parts are better than their stateside counterparts. That's very true. I'm just saying buying a JDM motor, but then building it with aftermarket parts anyways is a waste of time and you'd be better off with the increased displacement of the EJ25.
Also, the engines are pretty much like lego pretty much everything can go together. Take a STi short block, put your WRX heads on, instant EJ23(.5). Just pay attention that certain parts are made for forced induction, and others aren't so much.
Our 2002 Impreza with the 2.5 needed to have a new head gasket because (as i was told) the manufacturer of the gaskets supplied to Subaru screwed up and there was a thin spot. Replaced N/C by the dealer when they spotted anti-freeze seepage. It wasn't even to the point of dripping yet.
@anaxomander: Yup. My '97 EJ25 blew a head gasket. In the middle of nowhere. On Christmas Eve...
Still, I love the Subbies.
Well, just don't mention the stop-sale that is just now starting to be lifted on the 2.5L version.
I just bought one, so I'm really getting a kick out of these replies.
Bonus: some performance stuff works on all the engines, so I can get things like underdrive pulleys for my '90 Legacy.
The SVX is an EJ with two extra cylinders. It will even bolt up to an early 90's tranny, but there's not enough room in the engine bay of the Legacy or Impreza.
The nicest thing about these engines is that the design doesn't require a balance shaft. My 2.2l is much smoother than the motor in my old 626, and makes a little more power.
@kingedwin: "There's not enough room" - unless you do a little bit of cutting that is ;)
I think one of the reasons there's always going to be bad press about the turboe variants of this block is because if you give one to the wrong person then they'll have it at 6K rpm all day long.
Even good blocks will give up eventually!
slap a set of forged pistons in a 2l5 turbo mill, a gt35r, injectors, and some management and hang-on. 500hp at your beckoning.
just look at that thing, it is flat and spread on the floor.
much like something else... that's how you WANT them to be laid out.
@Unregular: not to mention that it lowers the center of gravity to, say, 4 inches below the road surface?
@zerotrinity: that's a good thing!
@bigbill25: My 98 Forester lost its head gasket, right around Christmas time as well! But no damage done, and repairs covered by extended warranty :)
Now if I could only get my rebuilt EGR system to not give check engine codes, and the oil leak at the PVC cover... ugh.
@Turkina: *PCV
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